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Retentive highlights the extraordinary potential of peer-to-peer infrastructure, positioning Perceptron Network as a cornerstone of next-generation artificial intelligence research, decentralized bandwidth sharing, and sovereign data management. @PerceptronNTWK #NodeAndProud#

BREAKING: Elon Musk’s new full interview with CMG. 0:15 On Xi Jinping 1:03 Tesla Shanghai factory 2:27 Cybercab rollout 3:55 Speed of AI breakthroughs 4:29 Grok 4.7 and Grokbot 5:48 SpaceX/Tesla data for real-world AI 6:48 Chinese AI models and the compute gap 8:16 China’s electricity output 9:01 US-China AI safety 9:27 Humanoid robots and Optimus 10:55 1 billion robots in 10 years 13:04 Money may not matter 16:27 10 billion to 100 billion robots 17:09 Space cooperation and Mars 21:07 Neuralink and human bandwidth 22:37 Education in the AI era 24:02 Visit Shanghai, and Beijing 24:38 Beijing high-speed rail 24:59 “Words do not do justice to China”

A note on recursive STARK mempools (EIP-8288) This is an EIP that I am hoping we can get included in I-star (the fork after Hegota) that you can think of as the next step after Frames, that would unlock extreme amounts of power. Particularly: * Ultra-cheap quantum-safe signatures (SPHINCS-). Much of the cost savings comes from the fact that the signature data (~3 kB) does not have to go onchain * Ultra-cheap quantum-safe privacy protocols. Status quo minimum cost for private txs is ~300k if you engineer very well (no one does), status quo quantum-safe is ~10M gas, this could reduce it to low tens of thousands. * Universal support for your favorite new signature or proof scheme without needing EVM changes. Whatever you use (Falcon, ML-DSA, some other lattice-based thing, something code-based or isogeny-based or even more esoteric), you can just wrap it client-side in a STARK, onchain gas cost low tens of thousands just like privacy protocols. Hopefully, Ethereum will never need "please support my favorite cryptographic algo" politics again. * Private account abstraction: keep your account logic private, and in a private location onchain. Then you can make one transaction to change the ownership of all your onchain state - accounts, defi positions, privacy protocol notes, everything - without revealing which objects' ownership you're changing. Here's how it works. Your transaction can include a type of frame that we call a "dependency frame". The frame is a list of statements, asserting claims like "message hash M was signed by SPHINCS- public key P" and "data hash D was proven to satisfy a statement defined by verification key V". When you send your transaction, you send it in an envelope, which includes a signature or a STARK for each statement in a dependency frame. Once the transaction reaches the mempool, nodes aggregate them. Each node runs a loop: wait one tick (eg. 500ms), aggregate all new envelopes (either single-tx or multi-tx) that you've seen, remove any transactions that are expired, generate a STARK recursively proving all dependencies, and send a new multi-tx envelope containing that STARK. Hence, the bandwidth load is bounded: each node's outbound is one STARK (~100-300 kB) per tick, plus each transaction getting broadcasted through the network once (as happens already). The block builder acts as "yet another mempool node", receiving envelopes from the mempool (plus any side channels), generates its own STARK covering the subset of transactions it intends to include in the block, and adds that STARK to the block. Total onchain overhead: one STARK (100-300 kB), plus 96 bytes for each statement being proven. This is what I've called before ( ) "The Proof Singularity". Today, we have all the ingredients to actually implement it. As a developer, this requires a somewhat different workflow than you are used to, but it is conceptually simple. Any signatures or STARKs, you put into a separate frame. Then the main logic that today is verifying a signature or STARK, you replace with checking for the existence of a frame that includes the correct statement as a dependency. Examples of useful statements: * [tx sighash] verifies against [the pubkey at sload(0)] * there exists a secret and a merkle branch such that hashing secret+0 and applying the merkle branch outputs (public) root R, and hashing secret+1 outputs (public) nullifier N * there exists a secret address A, salt S and signature Z such that sload(0) = hash(A, S) and a merkle proof of address A inside a recent ethereum state contains some pubkey D where [tx sighash] was signed by D [this is private account abstraction; all variables except [tx sighash] and sload(0) are private; you can also make D a STARK verification key] * there exists an ML-DSA signature signing [tx sighash], that verifies against an ML-DSA pubkey whose hash is sload(0) At the core, this is moving any compute and data other than bookkeeping "business logic" outside the core path of Ethereum execution, sharding and parallelizing it via the mempool. Notice also that this requires agreeing on a _language_ (aka. an ISA) for the recursive STARKs to define statements in. The current leading candidate is RISC-V. So this would also de-facto be Ethereum adding RISC-V (or something else we decide on) as a canonical ISA - a big decision that should be done carefully, but that I think will be necessary to drive Ethereum forward.

Elon Musk on the single biggest poverty lever. "And I think the single biggest thing you can do to lift people out of poverty and help them is giving them an internet connection." Most aid arguments still start with cash, food, or roads. Elon is saying the unlock is a connection — once you are online, knowledge is free and your market is the planet. • Low-cost, high-bandwidth internet where cables never reached • Learn anything for free once you are connected • Sell goods and services into the global market Internet is the ladder. Starlink is how you build it from the sky. SpaceX already flies most of the mass that makes that network possible. "Because once you have the internet connection, you can learn anything for free on the internet. And you can also sell your goods and services to the global market."

ELON MUSK: "You should be able to have a Starlink, like you have an AT&T or T-Mobile or Verizon or whatever, you could have an account with Starlink that works with your Starlink antenna at home with free Wi-Fi as well as on your phone. We're not going to put the other carriers out of business. They're still going to be around because they own a lot of spectrum. It will allow SpaceX to deliver high bandwidth connectivity directly from the satellites to the phones, but there are hardware changes that need to happen in the phone. You should be able to watch videos anywhere on your phone."

For context, Global bandwidth is somewhere between 2-8 Pbps (2,000-8,000 Tbps) depending on if your measuring fiber public backhaul (like international fiber) or all public and private connections. 100,000 V3 Starlinks equals 100 Pbps 10x-50x the total bandwidth available today. If Starlinks V4s are 5x more capable we are looking at 50x-250x more bandwidth than world has today over the next 10 years. This may sounds like a supply shock but remember ~2B people don’t have regular access to the internet today, and we are connecting robots (digital and physical agents) to the internet at an accelerating pace. Distributed sensor data collection (on and off planet) is growing. On top of that individual internet usage does steadily increasing. In 10 years we’re probably going to move two orders of magnitude more information per second around than we do today.

Jupiter COO @kashdhanda on the unique thing about Solana: "Solana is the network that keeps getting better, and it's one of the few networks that actually does that. There's a focus on practical value and what actually works." "A lot of the conversations are, 'How do we increase bandwidth? How do we reduce latency?' Those are the things that really matter." "Applications on Solana do the majority of application revenue across any ecosystem, because the focus is on supporting builders, supporting companies and supporting real businesses."

Elon Musk just spent seventeen billion dollars to make every cell tower on Earth a relic. Musk: “It will allow SpaceX to deliver high bandwidth connectivity directly from the satellites to the phones.” Not through towers. Not through cables. Not through any infrastructure on the ground. Directly from orbit to the phone in your pocket. For over a century, connectivity followed the same blueprint. Build a tower. Run a cable. Expand the network one piece of ground at a time. Coverage went where the money was. Where the population density justified the investment. Everywhere else got silence. Four billion people still don’t have reliable internet. Not because the technology doesn’t exist. Because no one could justify building a tower where they live. Connectivity was never a technology problem. It was a geography problem disguised as one. Musk: “The phones that are able to use the spectrum that was acquired probably start shipping in around two years.” Two years. Then the phone in your hand connects straight to space. No tower required. No carrier infrastructure between you and the signal. The entire telecom industry was built on one assumption. That connectivity requires ground infrastructure. Every carrier. Every contract. Every coverage map. All products of that assumption. Starlink just bypassed it from orbit. From orbit, every point on Earth is equidistant. The word “remote” only exists because connectivity was built from the ground up. From space, there is no remote. There is no coverage gap. There is no place on Earth harder to reach than any other. The ground decides who gets connected based on where they are. The sky doesn’t know the difference. Human potential was always distributed evenly across the planet. Access to information never was. The gap between those two facts is the greatest waste in human history. We spent a century deciding who deserved access to information based on where they happened to be born. Musk just made that question obsolete from 550 kilometers above the answer.

SpaceX's newest satellites carry about 1,024 gigabits of bandwidth each. The generation before carried 96. That is a tenfold leap in a single design cycle, beamed down from orbit. Jumps like that do not happen in industries that have given up, if so can you name me any?

Starlink’s V3 Era… A Major Leap in Global Connectivity @SpaceX has just shared new footage highlighting the impressive progress of its @Starlink V3 satellites. These next-generation spacecraft mark a significant step forward in capacity, with advanced inter-satellite laser links and improved overall performance that are helping expand reliable high-speed internet to more parts of the world. What’s striking is how quickly the network has scaled. Thousands of satellites are now in orbit, delivering low-latency connectivity to users in remote communities, during disasters when traditional infrastructure fails, and even in challenging environments like aviation and maritime operations. The V3 design builds on earlier versions with better bandwidth and efficiency, making truly global coverage feel increasingly achievable. Of course, challenges remain, including responsible spectrum use, orbital sustainability, and healthy competition from other players. But the engineering momentum behind Starlink is clear, and these V3 satellites show how rapidly the system is evolving. It’s a fascinating example of how private innovation is reshaping global connectivity.