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THE BNPL VISIBILITY GAP ────────────────── Open four "0% interest" plans across four different apps and none of those four lenders can see the other three. Unlike a credit card, most BNPL installments still don't hit a credit bureau by default - the debt exists, but no single ledger sees the full stack. ────────────────── Aug 13: Klarna rolls out a European membership tier with rewards - the free "pay in 4" app is repositioning itself as something closer to a credit card Nov 20: France starts requiring a full credit check (the same file used for loan defaults) before approving any 0%-interest "4x" plan - regulators writing in the underwriting step BNPL apps never had ────────────────── "0% interest" was never the same promise as "0% risk." It was the one form of consumer debt built to clear the one question a credit card is legally required to ask you first.

OKX Europe has quickly become one of the most liquid exchanges in the EU for both spot and X-Perps. Deep liquidity is the foundation of a great trading experience: better execution, tighter spreads, and more efficient markets. We’re still early. We’ll keep building the best trading experience for European users. 🇪🇺

Claude's watermark probably doesn't work how you think. As the CTO of GPTZero, I'll explain how Anthropic, Google and OpenAI are building text watermarking in this brief explainer and whether it can be defeated. Almost all forms of watermarking that are fast and cheap enough for a frontier lab have the same formula, following the KGW method: In generation: 1. Let's say you've generated n tokens so far. Take those n tokens + a secret key to generate a random hash 2. Use that hash to randomly reweight the probabilities for the n+1 token, and then sample from that new distribution. In the simple case, you could split 50% of all English words into a green or red set based on your hash, and boost the probability of words in the green set. For watermark detection: 1. For each token, see if it was in the green or red set. 2. To do this, recreate the hash based on the secret key and the text preceding the current token. Then, recreate the green and red set of words. 3. Once you've checked all the words in the text, if the next token is selected disproportionally from the green set more than 50% of the time, you claim the text has the watermark. I can tell you want to ask the following: 1) Isn't it easy to mess up the hash if you paraphrase the text? The answer is mostly yes, however, you can use a statistical model to get your hash instead of a deterministic function (SIR, Adaptive Watermark). Since the entire watermark is probabilistic, this is fine. 2) Doesn't this make the text much worse? The answer is yes, it does - Yes, it does – but for most people, it's imperceptible (Google claims in human feedback study with 20,000 texts), since there are exponentially many ways to write the same paragraph. DiPmark does something more sophisticated to avoid shifting the text distribution on average. Of course, watermarks fail on short text or highly predictable texts like "2+2=4". 3) Shouldn't it be easy to figure out the green and red sets? The answer is no. You would need an exponentially large number of samples from the watermarker to reconstruct those sets exactly, but it's a risk if the detector is open to the wild (Watermark Stealing) Still, there are couple challenges that a frontier lab needs to overcome: 1. Their watermark needs to work token-by-token because they are streaming their text to users. Many watermark methods plan sentences or paragraphs at a time, or change the text after its entirely written, in order to make their watermark robust to paraphrasers, and a frontier lab cannot afford to do this yet (SemStamp, PostMark) 2. If the secret key leaks, the watermark is busted. To avoid a large blast damage from this, you need to have a couple secret keys in rotation. 3. There are some texts, like code, that cannot be arbitrarily changed, otherwise the code will break. In those cases, the watermark needs to selectively change words in parts of the text that can tolerate synonyms (i.e. like variable naming) - see SWEET, EWD, Invisible Entropy. 4. They will need to educate their users on how to deal with false positives and false negatives of a detector, which is a big challenge (one we put a lot of effort into) So, how do I see this playing out in the next 6 months? 1. If Anthropic releases the watermark detector publically, I think they defeat their own watermark. People find reliable watermark removal strategies by testing against Anthropic (AI detectors like GPTZero have an advantage here because they can train against these adversaries once they become popular). 2. If they keep the detector private to the government, like Google has done, it's "safer". However, there are some papers showing trained approaches that work robustly to zero-shot break watermarks without any data, simply because they try to write the text just like a human (Zhang et al. 2024, Watermarks in the Sand). Also, making your detector makes it battle-tested and stronger long-term (my experience). 3. In my testing, the watermarks don't survive intense paraphrasing (especially if you combine word choice and syntax attacks), or human text substitution (rewrite your AI text by plagiarizing human authors). The free paraphrasers I've tried have quickly bypassed Google Deepmind's SynthId for what it's worth. 4. All-in-all, frontier labs are likely okay with this because they expect most users to not attack the watermark, and also because they + European regulators likely don't care past a certain point - its good enough. 5. Overall, I think users of frontier LLMs will not really care about this, because 1) they don't realize watermarks are there, 2) EU will force everyone to conform, 3) this seems more like regulatory hoop-jumping than an earnest effort from frontier labs to expose LLM use Lastly, people's first concern shouldn't be watermarking, it should be AI detectors! If you're posting, "its not X, its Y!!", I don't think the watermark is going to make a difference :)

Made with Seedance 2.5 (native 30-second video, no editing) Prompt: ⬇️ CAMERA: DV 16mm tape camcorder handheld aesthetic. A gorgeous glamorous European fitness influencer films herself directly by hand in selfie-cam and first-person style. Keep realistic hand shake, slightly crooked framing, delayed autofocus, awkward zoom-ins and zoom-outs, occasional motion blur, and small framing mistakes where part of her face briefly slips out of frame. Mix handheld selfie footage with a few fixed external shots. Important: never show her placing, adjusting, or setting up a camera. When switching from handheld footage to a fixed external angle, use a clean jump cut as if the camera had already been positioned before the shot began. The camera itself must never appear on screen. LOOK: Soft digital tape camcorder look with subtle vintage DV character. Slight blur, faint tape noise, mild highlight bloom under gym lighting, subtle auto-exposure flicker, muted contrast, realistic skin texture, believable indoor lighting, realistic skin tones. STYLE: A realistic late-night gym vlog with a sexy Instagram-model vibe. The tone is playful, confident, a little flirty, slightly breathless, and natural. She is clearly attractive and charismatic, but the video should still feel like a believable self-recorded vlog, not a polished commercial. Fast clean jump cuts, strong continuity, natural body language, no awkward dead moments. CHARACTER: An exceptionally beautiful glamorous European brunette woman in her mid-20s. She has a highly photogenic face, large almond-shaped brown eyes, long lashes, full glossy lips, sculpted cheekbones, a refined nose, flawless lightly tanned glowing skin, and long thick glossy dark-brown hair tied in a high ponytail. She looks like a high-end Instagram fitness and lifestyle influencer, not an ordinary gym visitor. She has a slim, feminine, athletic hourglass figure. She wears polished soft-glam makeup, a fitted stylish long-sleeve athletic crop top, high-waisted fitted leggings, clean white sneakers, and a towel around her neck or over one shoulder. No jewelry. SETTING: A quiet modern gym late at night. Mirror wall, dumbbell rack, flat bench, stretching mat, a water bottle on a bench, soft warm overhead lights, mostly empty space, calm atmosphere, no crowd, no trainer, no extra people. IMPORTANT CONTINUITY RULES: The same woman must remain fully consistent in every shot. No face changes, no hairstyle changes, no outfit changes, no body changes. No extra people appearing. No duplicated limbs. No broken hands. No disappearing water bottle. No broken gym equipment. No impossible movements. No camera visible. No camera setup shown. Keep her beautiful, polished, and photogenic in every shot. STORYBOARD (30 seconds total, 10 cuts): 1. (~3s, arm’s-length selfie) She walks slowly through the gym holding the camera herself, slightly out of breath but smiling confidently. Dialogue: “Okay… late-night gym vlog.” 2. (~3s, handheld pan across the room and back to her) The camera drifts across the dumbbell rack, mirror wall, and empty gym floor, then returns to her face. Dialogue: “It’s basically empty in here.” 3. (~3s, mirror selfie angle) She stops near the mirror, adjusts her ponytail, glances at herself, then smirks at the lens. Dialogue: “I look tired, but we’re still doing this.” 4. (~3s, fixed external medium shot) Jump cut to a fixed shot. She is already in position near the bench, picks up a pair of dumbbells, and gets ready. No camera setup shown. No dialogue. 5. (~3s, same fixed shot) She performs a short controlled set of dumbbell shoulder presses or dumbbell chest presses with clean form, then lowers the weights and exhales with a smile. Dialogue: “That woke me up fast.” 6. (~3s, handheld walking selfie) She picks the vlog back up in selfie mode, towel over one shoulder, breathing a little harder as she walks a few steps. Dialogue: “Upper body done… and I’m already dying.” 7. (~3s, tight handheld close-up) She grabs the water bottle, takes a drink, lowers it, and exhales in relief. Dialogue: “Best part of the workout.” 8. (~3s, fixed external wider shot facing the mirror) Jump cut to a fixed shot. She does a quick playful stretch, a small mirror pose, then laughs softly at herself. Dialogue: “A little stretch so I can pretend I’m disciplined.” 9. (~3s, handheld close selfie) Her cheeks are slightly flushed, she brushes back a loose strand of hair, smiling in a tired but satisfied way. Dialogue: “I always say quick workout… and then stay forever.” 10. (~3s, arm’s-length selfie ending) She walks toward the exit, still filming herself, gives a tired little wave and a genuine smile. Dialogue: “Okay, I’m done. Good night.” FINAL INSTRUCTION: The result must feel like a real self-recorded late-night gym vlog by a glamorous Instagram fitness influencer. Prioritize realistic handheld motion, strong continuity, believable pacing, natural breathing, attractive appearance, and subtle imperfection. Keep it sexy, polished, and realistic — not artificial, not stiff, not boring. #AIVideo#

I was a bricklayer. It was how I paid the bills when I first moved to America. Even the biggest title in bodybuilding, Mr. Olympia, only paid a thousand dollars back then.  It makes me proud that in March, the winner of our Arnold Classic and our Arnold Classic UK took home more than a million dollars. He can focus on bodybuilding. But in our day, that wasn’t an option. Some guys were teachers. Some sold insurance. Franco and I laid bricks. We put an ad in the paper and sold ourselves as European craftsmen. We figured if people heard the accents, they would picture old-world masonry instead of two bodybuilders with a wheelbarrow.  It worked.  The phone rang. And then we had to go out and actually do the job, which was the part nobody could fake. Luckily, Franco knew what he was doing. The work was simple. Mix the mortar. Set the brick. Tap it level. Scrape the edge. Then do it again. And again. Nobody claps for you. There is no crowd, no music, no trophy. There is just the next brick sitting there waiting for you. You can still find some of the walls we built in Venice. That’s where my lesson today comes from. One brick doesn’t look like anything. Ten bricks don’t look like anything. A hundred bricks, you’re starting to see something, but it doesn’t impress anyone. You just keep laying bricks until the job is done. And you know what happens after four or five hours on a wall? You are so damn tired, or you feel so great that you stop measuring. You are not standing back every ten minutes asking how far from finished it is. You are covered in mortar, your hands are raw, you’re schvitzing, and you are happy. The work took the question away from you. That is the part nobody tells you about hard work: It doesn’t just build the wall. It terminates the voice that keeps asking when the wall will be done.

Romania, with its strategic location at the crossroads of Europe, highly skilled human resources, advanced industrial capabilities and strong integration with the European Union, remains a natural and valuable partner for India. Romania serves not only as an important destination for investment but also as a gateway to the wider European market.

"Saqaliba", white European slaves were mostly of Slavic origin and considered luxury imports.... Slavery is a word well understood, but in the minds of most people, it is associated with the black slave trade from Africa to America across the Atlantic. Many people are not aware that a parallel form of slavery existed in the kidnapping of white men and women by North Africans and Arabs. The purpose of these captures was slavery. Another aspect of this slavery was white women (preferably virgins) to populate the harems of the Arab Sheikhs and Beys. The Arabs and the Moors were the foremost exponents of this trade as they had a penchant for fair and golden-haired white girls. This trade lasted much longer than the black slave trade and overshot it by hundreds of years. The black trade was stopped by an act of legislation. This did not happen in the case of the white slave trade which ended only after the Arabs and Moors were militarily crushed by the European powers. The onset of white slave trade began when the Muslim arms conquered almost the entire North Africa and Spain. It was at its zenith when the Mediterranean Sea almost became a Muslim controlled lake with the Ottoman Empire at its zenith. Even after the defeat of the Muslims, the slave trade was taken over by Muslim pirates called the Corsairs. The Corsairs were a daredevil lot and scoured the entire Mediterranean Sea. They also raided the coastal villages of Europe and kidnapped white girls. These girls have spirited away to the harems of the Arabs and sold at auctions where they earned a high price for the kidnapper. White men were also kidnapped for ransom and to work as slaves. There are reports that King Richard the lion heart was also kidnapped and released when a large ransom was paid for him. As far as the kidnapping of girls from the European coastal villages is concerned, the effect was one of fear and many villages shifted deeper away from the coast, to escape from the marauding Muslim pirates. Later the Muslim pirates started a preference for Slav girls who were fair and had golden hair. Raiding parties roamed the Baltic and the Aegean Sea for these girls. The magnitude of the slavery can only be estimated as no exact figures are available. Generally, it is estimated that the figure would be over a million. The Corsairs were the main exponents of this white slave trade and they also extracted a levy from the ships that sailed the Mediterranean Sea. In the period after 1609 in a span of a decade, almost 400 British ships were captured and the men made slaves and released only after a ransom was paid. Other who could not pay languished in Arab farms as workers and slaves till death. Later Britain paid a tribute and their ships were spared. But nations and settlements close to the sea in SE Europe and the Slav areas bore the brunt of this slavery. A fact that has now emerged is the massive kidnapping and abduction of white girls as slaves for the harems of the Arabs. This menace lasted for hundreds of years and it continued until the 19th century. In 1814 the European powers signed a convention to outlaw the attacks of the Berbers and the Ottoman Turks. The Christian nations now asserted and the rising White power inflicted heavy defeats on the Corsairs and the Turks. This rising European power led to the demise of the white slave trade. A point worth noting is that the slave trade in white women only stopped after the defeat of the Turks and Muslims and not by any act or edict. #archaeohistories#