Jeff Bezos just came out of retirement. His first CEO role since leaving Amazon. And he's building something nobody expected. 🤯
It's called Prometheus. $12 billion raised. $41 billion valuation. Backed by JPMorgan, BlackRock, Goldman Sachs, and Bezos himself.
150 employees. $273 million per person. That's how much investors are betting on this.
But here's what makes it different from every other AI company.
Prometheus isn't building another chatbot. It's not generating text or
images.
It's building what Bezos calls an "artificial general engineer" AI that designs jet engines, optimizes manufacturing, and prototypes physical products.
LLMs learned from the internet's text. Prometheus is learning from the physical world physics, simulations, engineering data, manufacturing processes.
In Bezos' own words: "Something that takes 100 engineers 10 years to build we want to make that 10 engineers, one year."
His co-CEO is Vik Bajaj, former Google X executive who worked with Sergey Brin on what became Waymo.
No ties to Amazon. No ties to Blue Origin. Bezos said "it deserves a dedicated team obsessed with this one thing."
While everyone is racing to build the best AI for words, Bezos is quietly building AI for the physical world.
That might be the bigger bet.
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Today a crazy quantum story just got wilder.
On March 31, the Google Quantum AI team published a landmark result on Shor's algorithm for elliptic curve cryptography. Technically, the paper was a bombshell: a dramatic 10x improvement over the state-of-the-art. As a stunt and wakeup call to the blockchain space, those optimisations were illustrated on secp256k1, the elliptic curve underlying Bitcoin and Ethereum signatures.
But perhaps the most striking part of the paper was sociological, not technical. Instead of following standard academic process, the optimisations were kept secret, hidden behind a zero-knowledge (ZK) proof. Google's accompanying blog post mentions they "engaged with the U.S. government". The ZK proof demonstrates the existence of algorithmic improvements without leaking details. Academic censorship with ZK, a historic first!
As a co-author of the Google paper I witnessed some of the context surrounding this censorship. To be honest, multiple aspects of that context don't sit well with me. As much as I believe the general public ought to know more, I am limited in my ability to whistleblow. Though let me be clear about one thing: the Google team's professionalism has been absolutely exemplary, and they deserve nothing but praise.
Censorship has a way of backfiring. The Streisand effect, where an attempt to bury something only draws more attention to it, is exactly what's unfolding today. First, Google's key optimisation has been rediscovered by the French. And in a thrilling turn of events, a collaborative Shor-at-home challenge just launched. The initiative, available at ecdsa[.]fail, breached a new Shor world record in a matter of hours.
Let's start with the rediscovery. Just two months after Google's paper, French quantum expert André Schrottenloher cracks the main secret optimisation. His paper, titled "Optimized Point Addition Circuits for Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithms", landed on the arXiv today. Big congrats to André, who beat several other nerdsnipped experts to it. In a blog post also published today, Craig Gidney, the world expert on Shor optimisations, revealed that he'd been sitting on this very optimisation for a whole year under censorship pressure.
Interestingly, André missed a handful of minor optimisations, both from Google's original publication and from improvements found since. It's plausible there's still plenty of juice left to squeeze out of Shor, and this is exactly what the ecdsa[.]fail challenge is about. The verifier program developed for the ZK proof does double duty, automatically filtering for valid submissions. Dozens of compounding small and micro improvements are rolling in. As of the time of writing there's an 8.4% improvement to Google's circuit, as measured by the product of logical qubit count and Toffoli gate count. Nice!
The nerdsnipping ran deeper than anyone expected. Over the last few weeks it became clear it extended well beyond André and other quantum experts. Behind the scenes, a small army of amateurs quietly got to work. Inspired by Karpathy-style autoresearch, they turned AI on Shor. Ironically, the verifier program for the ZK proof makes an ideal reward function for AIs. The barrier to entry for this modern style of research is refreshingly low, with several non-experts, even a teenager, finding nice optimisations. Get in touch if you'd like to join a Telegram group with fellow autoresearchers :)
Part 2: neutral atoms and qday
The story doesn't end with Google. On the same day Google went public, a stealthy startup called Oratomic published its own Shor paper in a coordinated release. It made a splash, ultimately becoming the most upvoted paper on scirate[.]com, a website ranking arXiv papers.
Oratomic's claim was wild. By building on Google's logical optimisations and applying custom physical optimisations for neutral atoms, they claimed just 10K physical qubits were sufficient to run Shor's algorithm on secp256k1. That number is mind-bogglingly low.
Knowing essentially nothing about neutral atoms when Oratomic's paper landed, I was intrigued and decided to learn more about the tech. I fell straight down the rabbit hole and spent a couple hundred hours on the topic. I got a little obsessed and watched every YouTube video I could find and spoke to a bunch of experts.
My conclusion? The tech is real, very real. Even Google recently decided to start a neutral atom lab, a notable pivot from their sole focus on superconducting qubits. If you care about qday, i.e. the day a quantum computer will break the first piece of cryptography in production, neutral atoms demand your attention. I shared some of my learnings on Shor and neutral atoms in a 30min talk at the ZKProof cryptography conference. You can find it on YouTube by searching "zkproof neutral atom".
Here's an interesting observation about this duo of breakthrough papers: neither Google nor Oratomic say a word about what their results mean for qday. No timelines. Zero. Nada. That is especially baffling given that the whole point of whitehat quantum cryptanalysis is to inform qday estimations and help the general public make good decisions.
So let me attempt to partially fill the silence, similarly to what Scott Aaronson did in his April 29 post. Given everything I know, including scary non-public information, I now put the odds of qday by 2032 at 50%. 10% by 2030.
Anecdotally, the US government has its own date: 2035. Originating at the NSA and later adopted by NIST, it's when branches of the US government will be disallowed from using quantum-vulnerable cryptography. In plain language: with hindsight, that date is a joke and should be discounted entirely. I don't see how NIST avoids being forced to pull it forward by years.
Part 3: post-quantum cryptography
There are good reasons to sound the alarm today, but please do not panic. Rushing carelessly towards immature post-quantum cryptography is a recipe for disaster. IMO a good target date for migration is 2029, roughly 3.5 years out. 2029 happens to be the date selected by Google, Cloudflare, and the Ethereum Foundation.
These days most of my time goes to safely migrating Ethereum towards post-quantum cryptography as part of the broader lean Ethereum effort. There's a lot to do. We need to rip out and replace BLS signatures at the consensus layer, KZG commitments at the data layer, and ECDSA signatures at the execution layer.
The plan to get there is compelling, and is based on hash-based cryptography. Within the Ethereum Foundation we've developed a Swiss army knife called leanVM (github[.]com/leanEthereum/leanVM) powered by the magic of hash-based SNARKs. Thanks to truly exceptional work by Emile, Thomas, and others, its performance is derisked. Regarding security, leanVM is a jewel, a minimal zkVM crafted for end-to-end formal verification and maximum security.
Want to help? There are two $1M initiatives. First, the Proximity Prize (proximityprize[.]org). Solve a long-standing mathematical conjecture in coding theory, improve hash-based SNARKs, and go home a millionaire. Second, the Poseidon Initiative (poseidon-initiative[.]info), offers $1M for breaking Poseidon, the SNARK-friendly hash function.
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TO
@mtgreenee
IN DEFENSE OF BOOMERS!!
Back in our day, colleges had a few loud radical leftists. Now they’re everywhere, loud, and angry and they still blame Boomers for the mess. They are taught to hate themselves and their country. They believe men can become women (and vice versa) by declaration. They’re obsessed with race in the most counterproductive way possible treating every outcome as proof of systemic oppression while ignoring individual behavior, culture, and the massive progress that actually happened. And instead of blaming the people and ideologies that pushed this worldview into every institution, they point at Boomers. That’s not analysis. That’s brainwashing dressed up as enlightenment. The “long march through the institutions” was real. A minority of 1960s radicals didn’t just protest they stayed in academia, became professors, and eventually controlled hiring. Faculty political ratios went from noticeable left tilt in the ’60s–’90s to extreme monocultures today: often 10:1, 15:1, or worse liberal-to-conservative in humanities and social sciences. Far-left faculty have grown dramatically while conservatives became rare. The result? Generations raised on critical theory, grievance studies, and the idea that Western civilization (especially America) is defined by oppression rather than its achievements. Boomers didn’t invent this. A subset of us lived through the early stages and many of us rejected it. The average Boomer worked, raised families, paid taxes, and expanded opportunity. We, lived through and supported the real civil rights era color-blind equality under law, not racial score-settling.
Built the post-war economy, suburbs, infrastructure, and technological foundations (internet precursors, computing, medical advances) that younger people now take for granted.
Navigated the Cold War and helped bring down Soviet communism.
Created the wealth and stability that made today’s safety nets and opportunities possible.
The current version of “social justice” biological denial on sex, racial essentialism, national self-loathing, and “punch a Boomer” energy is a later-stage product of captured institutions, not something Boomers as a generation imposed. Most Boomers still believe in observable reality: there are two sexes, judging people by skin color is wrong either way, and America, for all its flaws, has been a net force for human flourishing. Blaming “Boomers” is the laziest possible scapegoat. It lets the actual drivers (ideological capture of education, media, HR departments, and tech platforms) off the hook. It ignores that many Boomers are as disgusted by this stuff as anyone. And it’s historically illiterate every generation has produced radicals and conformists. Judging 76 million people by the worst campus activists is the same tribal stupidity they claim to oppose. I could write a whole book on how a handful of bad ideas metastasized into cultural dominance while the people who benefited most from Boomer-era progress turned around and spat on the generation that built the platform they’re standing on. The angry ones aren’t the victims of Boomers.
They’re the product of an education system that replaced critical thinking with approved narratives. Stop blaming your grandparents. Start questioning what you were taught.
...and don't even get me started with government corruption and the cancer of MARXISM!
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Being obsessed with UX is the least sexy but most useful thing any builder should be obsessed with. That's why we built Moss , which is to serve our end users, but also to empower our builders.
max main I felt from using blockchain for the past 8 years:
- Constantly worrying about security
- Massive Excel sheets to track my wallets, since different apps use different wallets
-Confirmation screen overload
I've long said that a blockchain protocol is always more than just building blocks. Many founders have leaned in causes that they cared about ( privacy, intent, and more scaling), for us, we've been obsession with UX for a while.
Building a fast blockchain is step 1, enabling real-time apps is step 2.
Now onwards to step 3
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