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SpaceX 15-Year Investment @elonmusk My evaluation of a long-term bullish investment for SpaceX based on a 15-year investment horizon. The evaluation assumes SpaceX evolves beyond aerospace into a global infrastructure platform spanning communications, defense, transportation, AI infrastructure, and the emerging space economy. Key Value Drivers - Starlink broadband growth
- Direct-to-cell mobile connectivity
- Government and defense contracts
- Starship and launch-cost reduction
- Orbital infrastructure
- Lunar and Mars logistics
- Future industries enabled by low-cost access to space An extremely important development is the impact of large AI infrastructure contracts on the valuation of SpaceX. A key component of the bullish investment thesis is that the market may be underestimating the value of recurring AI compute revenue when compared with traditional launch and satellite communications businesses. Google AI Infrastructure Contract Recent reports indicate that Google entered into a computing capacity agreement with SpaceX valued at approximately $920 million per month. If maintained over the reported contract period, the agreement represents nearly $30 billion of contracted revenue. Anthropic Contract In addition to Google, reports indicate that Anthropic entered into a compute-capacity agreement valued at approximately $1.25 billion per month. Together, the Google and Anthropic contracts imply annualized revenue of approximately $26 billion. Why This Matters Many investors continue to value SpaceX primarily as a launch company and satellite communications provider. However, these AI-related contracts suggest the emergence of a third major business segment: AI infrastructure and compute services. Potential Strategic Position If SpaceX successfully integrates launch services, Starlink communications, AI infrastructure, and future orbital computing capabilities, the company could evolve into a hybrid of a cloud infrastructure provider, global telecommunications company, defense contractor, and transportation platform. Investment Implications Recurring infrastructure revenue generally receives higher valuation multiples than project-based revenue streams. Consequently, sustained growth in AI infrastructure revenue could materially alter the market’s perception of SpaceX and support valuation frameworks significantly above those used for traditional aerospace companies. Bull Case SpaceX becomes the dominant communications and transportation infrastructure provider for Earth and near-Earth economic activity. Starlink achieves global scale, Starship reaches full operational capability, and multiple new industries emerge around orbital infrastructure. Base Case SpaceX remains the global leader in launch services and satellite communications while generating strong growth from Starlink and defense-related revenue streams. Bear Case Growth continues but at a slower pace due to regulatory, competitive, technical, or capital allocation challenges. Comparison with Historic Winners Historically, Amazon, NVIDIA, Apple, Microsoft, and Tesla created extraordinary shareholder wealth by becoming platform companies rather than remaining confined to their original industries. The bullish SpaceX thesis assumes a similar transition. Key Risks The principal risks include execution risk, regulatory risk, geopolitical factors, competition, slower-than-expected adoption of space-based industries, and the possibility that SpaceX enables large industries without capturing most of the resulting value. Conclusion The bullish investment thesis is that SpaceX is transitioning from a launch and communications company into a foundational infrastructure platform serving communications, AI, defense, and future space-based industries. If successful, this transition could support valuation outcomes substantially above conventional aerospace benchmarks A bet on technological progress, and the emergence of a large space-based economy

Dear ICP community, the Internet Computer has now been running strong for 5 years 👏👏👏 Here is a celebratory preview of ICP "cloud engines," the sovereign frontier cloud technology the network shall soon provide from Main points: — Cloud engines enable anyone to spin up their own sovereign frontier cloud. The technology involves an extraordinary inventive step, in which cloud is created from a mathematically secure network of nodes. The nodes run as part of the Internet Computer network ( but are selected and configured by the cloud engine's owner. — The frontier cloud provided by engines is strongly focused on enabling AI agents to build and update online applications and services for us. The world is changing fast, and nearly all new online apps and services are already being built with the help of AI, and thus cloud engines target the future of cloud. — Software hosted on cloud engines is tamperproof, which means that it is immune to infrastructure hacks, because it runs inside a mathematically secure network protocol, rather than on computers directly. This means that AI agents, and those building with them, don't need to have a security team in the loop, or to trust someone else's security team. This is crucial, because in the future, non technical people will demand the freedom to build with full automation — where they just need to issue instructions to AI about what to build, and don't need to worry about anything or anyone else. Of course, apps and services running on engines are also vastly safer from the new breed of hacker being enabled by frontier AI. (The cloud engines themselves are also "tamperproof." Even if a hacker gains physical access to some portion of a cloud engine's nodes, and can make arbitrary changes, the computations and data of the hosted apps and services cannot be corrupted or interrupted so long as the network's fault bounds aren't exceeded. The recent hack of Vercel, a major cloud platform, which gave hackers access to the apps it hosted, provides additional perspective on the importance of this advantage.) — Software hosted on cloud engines is guaranteed to run, so long as a sufficient number of the engine's nodes are running. This means that AI can build applications and services without the need to have a human systems admin team constantly tinkering with the underlying platform to keep it running, which is again crucial, because in the future, non technical people will expect the freedom to use AI to build without the support of others. — New frontier programming language technology, in the form of the Motoko language developed by Caffeine Labs, leverages seminal "orthogonal persistence" technology that unifies program logic and data to deliver further unlocks for AI (Motoko is the first computer language being developed that targets agents that are writing software rather than humans engineers per se). Nowadays, AI can build and update production apps at a prodigious rate, even at the speed of conversation. But it can also make mistakes, and there's a risk that an update it creates might be "lossy" in the sense it causes some transformed data to be lost. Again, in this new world, it's both undesirable and impractical for everyone to have to have a systems admin team on-hand to detect lossy updates and roll them back, but Motoko provides a solution: it can detect new software updates are lossy before they are applied, reducing potentially catastrophic errors by AI to harmless coding retries. — Software hosted on cloud engines is "serverless" but unlike traditional serverless software, directly it directly incorporates data through "orthogonal persistence." Another key purpose is simplify backend software logic and fuel the modeling power of AI by increasing abstraction (sorry for the technical language!!!). Put simply, this enables AI to produce more sophisticated backends, faster, and at dramatically lower costs, as measured by the number AI API tokens consumed during coding. (Tip for the technical: orthogonal persistence is a new paradigm where "the program is the database," and data lives inside program variables, which is possible because it's as if hosted software runs forever in persistent memory). — An expanding database of skills at shall make it possible to develop and directly deploy apps and services to your cloud engines directly from Claude Code, Perplexity, Codex and other AI platforms. Further, your account on can be connected, so that new apps and updates created through conversation automatically appear hosted from your cloud engine. In the future, R&D is going to be very seamless. You converse with AI, and your secure and unstoppable apps or services are created or updated. Cloud engines are designed to directly support this "self-writing cloud" future where we can work hands-free. — Tech sovereignty is becoming a huge issue worldwide, with governments and corporations seeking to create sovereign tech stacks owing to geopolitical tensions. Increasingly, people are realizing that tech provided by foreign nations can come with hidden backdoors and kills switches, from the base platform, right up through hosted apps and services. ICP technology is open source, and those building on ICP using AI own their own source code. When you have the source code, you can verify that there are no backdoors, and when you own the source code thanks to AI, you can update it at will, freeing you from vendor lock-in. But cloud engines take sovereignty much further... — You create a cloud engine by selecting the nodes that will be combined. You can choose the class of nodes used, and their number, but more importantly, you can choose who operates the nodes, and where they are located. Almost any configuration is possible, because the Internet Computer scales the security privileges afforded to hosted software within the network according to configuration (software hosted on cloud engines can directly interoperate with software on other engines and traditional subnets, but base restrictions are applied according to security rules). A cloud engine can be created within a region such as Europe, to comply with regs such as GDPR, or completely within a sovereign state like Switzerland or Pakistan. But cloud engines go further still... — Sovereignty is also about freedom from vendor lock-in. Cloud engines are essentially ICP (Internet Computer Protocol) network configurations, and this means the underlying compute nodes they combine can be swapped out without interrupting their hosted apps and services. This is a big deal. In addition, cloud engines now support nodes that are instances running on Big Tech's clouds, in addition to nodes that are dedicated specialized hardware, as per the Gen I and Gen II nodes that dominate the Internet Computer today. For example, it is possible to have an engine running across different AWS data centers, say, and then reconfigure the engine to run across a mixture of AWS, Google, Azure and Hetzner for even more resilience, without the users of hosted apps and services noticing a thing. That's true freedom. — Sovereign AI is becoming increasingly important too, and cloud engines allow special "AI nodes" to be added to them, so that hosted software can perform inference on hardware provisioned by the owner from a location the owner has selected. Even though the AI nodes are only accessible within the cloud engine, they can still benefit from the forthcoming Internet Intelligence Gateway (IG), which will make it possible to validate inference performed on key frontier open weights LLMs, even when the inference is performed on completely independent AI clouds. When the results of inference are received, this technology can verify that neither the prompt+context (input) nor the inference result (output) have been modified, and that the results were produced by the precise LLM expected. This ensures that AI clouds don't cheat by running inference on cheaper models than are being paid for, and bad actors aren't modifying the inputs or outputs to surreptitiously insert advertising into results, say, or change facts, or insert malware when code is being generated. What's super cool about this technology is the cost of the verification is scalable. A very valuable additional security can be achieved with only 1-2% of extra cost. — Scaling apps and services when they hit capacity limits is another thorny problem that cloud engines help the world address. Engines make scaling possible without rewriting or reconfiguring software. The query workload capacity of hosted software can be horizontally scaled simply by adding new nodes to an engine, and nodes can also be added in geographical proximity to demand. Meanwhile, update workload capacity can first be scaled-up by swapping an engine's nodes out for the next class up, and then when no larger class of node is available, horizontally scaled-out by "splitting" the engine into two, which doubles available capacity. (Technical tip: horizontally scaling update capacity by splitting engines requires multi-canister architectures). — For those who have been following how Caffeine builds apps that can efficiently store large numbers of files, I should mention that apps built on cloud engines will also support the new ICP Blob Storage cloud network (since cloud engines currently have up to about 3 TB of memory, which apps storing large amounts of files can easily exceed). We are also working on allowing blob storage nodes to be added to cloud engines, to enable sovereign mass blob storage within an engine, similarly to how AI nodes can be added currently. — Lastly, but certainly not least, I should mention that cloud engines are multi-blockchain capable, and ready for digital assets, thanks to the clever math at their core. For example, an e-commerce service built on a cloud engine can securely accept and custody stablecoin payments, or a multi-chain DEX could be hosted. Further, engines can support software autonomy (software orchestrated and controlled by other autonomous software, in a decentralized way) and can themselves be orchestrated by SNS technology, and thus run autonomously too. Today, though, the focus is on *mainstream* cloud. This year, the cloud industry will generate approximately one trillion dollars in revenue. That number is already huge, but is expected to grow to two trillion dollars by 2030. After years of continuous development, which have seen more than $500m spent on R&D, the Internet Computer network is now tacking directly toward this mainstream cloud market with cloud engine technology. In their first version, cloud engines are not meant to be a cloud panacea. For example, currently they are not ideal for working with big data. You should use something like DataBricks for that. Cloud engines are carefully targeted at enabling AI to produce traditional online applications and services, including SaaS, in a safer and more productive way, which represents a new market segment with tremendous potential. Of course, DFINITY will continue to work relentlessly to push forward ICP's capabilities, so expect further developments. It's worth mentioning that this cloud segment isn't just about creating new apps and services using AI, it's also about replacing legacy systems and apps built on super expensive SaaS services. Caffeine Labs is working to produce technology (Caffeine Snorkel) that can study an enterprise's legacy systems and app built on SaaS, create replacement systems and apps, and migrate the data, while supporting key stakeholders through the process over email and chat, with full automation. Thus the legacy systems and SaaS markets shall also be addressed by cloud engines. Zooming out, and reasoning in a more metaphysical way, we believe, as we always have, that there is room for a new kind of cloud created by mathematical networks, that provides seminal advances in the fields of security and resilience, as well as true sovereignty and freedom from lock-in. That this same technology, with the help of additional technologies like orthogonal persistence and Motoko, enables AI to build for us without the need for so much oversight, and to create more backend sophistication while consuming fewer AI API tokens, enables ICP to bring game-changing advances to the world. Cloud engines will work synergistically with the Intelligence Gateway, which will enable apps and services running on engines to seamlessly leverage AI, wherever that AI is running, while providing verifiability at extremely low cost for open weights frontier models. We believe that cloud engines represent an inflection point in the storied history of the Internet Computer project, and I'm very proud to be sharing the details with you on the network's fifth birthday 💪 I'll be back with more news soon!!

Updates since then: * Deepseek v4 is out. There *is* a 2-bit quant that can run within 90 GB ( ), and it works, however it's only fast on Apple hardware (I've head ~35 tok/s). On AMD, it's ~7 tok/s. IMO actually taking the effort to properly support more than one hardware manufacturer is a great example of the difference between mere "decentralized AI" and genuine "CROPS AI". I hope we can become better at this. * also has alpha telegram support now. However, the path to adding your account is quite janky * looks promising as a way to run "dense" models (eg. Qwen 27B) more efficiently. It's janky, but on my 5090 laptop it seems to be ~2x more tok/s than llama.cpp * VoxTerm (local AI recording, no third-party servers) continues to be developed And there's a lot more projects coming on the horizon. One other thing that has been on my mind is that there's actually a lot of intersection between "CROPS ethereum access layer" and "CROPS AI". For example, we want a ZK way to make (paid) calls to remote LLMs. But if we have this, then it's just as useful for solving another problem: private RPC reads in Ethereum. Another example: application-specific finetuned LLMs. Leanstral ( ; I get ~38 tok/s on AMD) fits into < 70 GB, but can hold its own against 1T models on writing Lean code. Things like this are a huge boon for writing more secure code ( ). We should have models finetuned for Ethereum-related use cases as well.

Sony is using AI to streamline game development at its first-party studios. Horizon Zero Dawn Remastered employed PlayStation’s new AI-powered animation tool, Mockingbird. This system rapidly generates 3D facial animations from performance capture data, significantly reducing the time required for what was previously a lengthy manual process. According to SIE President Hideaki Nishino, teams at Naughty Dog and San Diego Studio have also adopted Mockingbird for their projects. A separate AI tool was used in the remaster to create highly detailed hair models. Sony describes these tools as a way to automate repetitive tasks and improve productivity

I just received FUKUMARU Cat Scratcher Mat, 40 X 60 CM Natural Sisal Cat Scratch Mats, Horizontal Cat Floor Scratching Pad Rug, Protect Carpets and Sofas - Brown-23.6 x 15.7 Inch from TheMeatTenderer via Throne. Thank you! #Wishlist# #Throne#

Anti-CV Spent months chasing points, completing tasks and tracking leaderboards for rewards that never arrived At the time, I thought the payout was the goal Some campaigns paid less than expected Some testnets led nowhere Some airdrops never came What surprised me was realizing that the rewards were only part of the experience The people I met, the things I learned and the communities I discovered ended up being worth more than most of the payouts I was chasing My most marketable skill is probably knowing which dashboards are worth checking before I've had my first coffee Thanks @RallyOnChain for reminding me that not every valuable outcome fits neatly into a wallet Have you ever gone after the rewards and discovered something you didn't expect ? Which project was it ?

Pheasant Network: Building the Future of Cross-Chain Intents Interoperability remains one of the biggest challenges in crypto. Moving assets across chains is often slow, fragmented, and complicated. 🦚 @pheasantnetwork is tackling this problem with an intent-based infrastructure designed to make cross-chain interactions seamless, efficient, and user-friendly. Why is Pheasant Network gaining attention? ✅ Supports Ethereum and a growing ecosystem of Layer 2 networks ✅ Focused on intent-based execution and next-generation interoperability ✅ Over $200M in cross-chain transaction volume processed ✅ Backed by a recent $2M funding round ✅ Supported through ecosystem grants and collaborations across major blockchain networks ✅ Introducing Pheasant Points, creating strong engagement across the community 🔸 As the industry moves toward a future where users simply express what they want and protocols handle the complexity behind the scenes, projects like Pheasant Network are positioning themselves at the center of that evolution. 🔹 The combination of cross-chain infrastructure, intent execution, AI-powered automation, and growing ecosystem adoption makes this a project worth watching closely. The next wave of crypto won’t be about switching between chains manually. It will be about seamless experiences powered by intent-based networks. And Pheasant Network is building exactly that. ⚡ $PNT #pheasantnetwork#