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Why Tokenization Could Be the Most Important Economic Innovation of Our Lifetime | Bruce Fenton @BruceFenton is a longtime Bitcoin advocate since 2012, securities professional, and one of the early pioneers of tokenized securities. He is the founder and CEO of Chainstone Labs and founder of Atlantic Financial. Alongside Overstock founder @PatrickByrne, Bruce was involved in some of the earliest efforts to bring securities and financial-market infrastructure onto blockchain rails. In 2018, he tokenized equity in his own company, Chainstone Labs, on the Ravencoin blockchain—years before tokenization became one of Wall Street’s biggest narratives. In this episode, Bruce breaks down naked short selling, the plumbing behind traditional securities markets, and why he believes much of the problem is ultimately a ledger problem. We dive into questions such as: Who actually owns the stocks sitting in your brokerage account? How can shares be lent and rehypothecated? What role do brokers, clearing firms, DTCC, and Cede & Co. play in determining who owns what? And could blockchain replace an opaque system of claims and intermediaries with a transparent ledger showing exactly where an asset is and who owns it? We unpack what “tokenized stocks” actually means—and the important distinction between a token that simply gives you exposure to a stock’s price and a security issued natively onchain, where the token itself represents the actual share and the ownership rights that come with it. Bruce discusses how tokenization could allow smaller businesses to tokenize ownership and have their stock traded globally without needing to be listed on a traditional exchange like the NYSE, as well as what a future without KYC could look like. Finally, we get into Wall Street’s embrace of tokenization, the SEC’s evolving approach to tokenized securities, and one of the biggest questions surrounding the future of this technology: who ultimately controls these new financial rails? Remember to subscribe and hit the bell “🔔” icon to get notifications 0:00 Bruce Fenton & Patrick Byrne: Pioneers of Tokenized Securities 3:36 Naked Short Selling Explained 6:28 Who Actually Owns the Stocks in Your Brokerage Account? 12:00 Tokenization Solves Wall Street’s “Ledger Problem” 15:48 What Are You Actually Buying With Robinhood’s Tokenized Stocks? 16:48 Real Tokenized Stocks: When the Token IS the Share 21:46 Tokenization Could Open U.S. Markets to the Entire World 22:52 Why Companies May No Longer Need the NYSE 26:29 Could Tokenized Markets Exist Without KYC? 29:31 Bruce Tokenized Equity on Ravencoin in 2018 30:53 Will Blockchain Make Clearing Houses & DTCC Obsolete? 33:17 Could Tokenization Have Prevented the GameStop Crisis? 38:19 Wall Street Is Embracing Tokenization — Who Gets the Power? 40:20 The SEC’s New Tokenized Securities “Innovation Exemption” 42:57 Why Robinhood’s Tokenized Stocks Don’t Qualify 47:01 Could Everything Eventually Be Tokenized? 51:02 The Dystopian Side of Tokenization: Surveillance & Asset Seizure

如果我们可以重新理解 Quant Developer。 这并不只是思想实验。 Jane Street 2026 年公开的研究方向包括机器学习、编程语言、编译器、ASIC、FPGA、分布式 shared log、incremental computation、查询优化、分布式存储和形式化验证，而Citadel GQS 则把实时数据、HFT 执行和低延迟 ML 推理放进了同一个 Quantitative Research Engineer 岗位。 再次强调，市场是一个高维、受驱动、耗散的非平衡系统。 订单持续进入、撤销、成交，信息、资本和风险不断注入，异质的参与者相互作用，系统几乎从未达到平衡。 当看到Jane Street 把 graph-structured、incremental computation 列为长期研究方向，我想这是一个值得认真理解的信号。 如果我们发现研究对象持续变化时，计算本身或许也需要围绕变化来组织。 一条报价更新，并不意味着整个市场都需要被重新计算。 它首先改变某些局部状态，再沿着依赖关系，影响相关资产的估值、组合的风险暴露，以及尚未成交的订单。 如果把这些计算关系展开，我们会看到数据连接特征，特征连接预测，预测连接决策，决策通过成交与持仓，反馈到下一轮计算。 这里必须区分两件事。 计算图中的依赖关系，不自动等于市场中的因果关系。但只要我们能够明确哪些结果依赖哪些输入，就有机会在新事件到来时，只更新受到影响的部分。 这正是 incremental computation 最吸引我的地方，它让计算资源跟随变化分配。困难的问题也随之浮现。哪些状态已经过期，筛选必须更新的传播，可以合并的计算。我们开始寻找，在并发和异步执行中，如何避免把不同时间的市场状态拼成一个从未真实存在过的世界？ 于是，延迟就不再止于程序运行了多少微秒。判断抵达市场时，你应该着眼于支撑判断的那个市场是否仍然存在。 想想吧，一个离线表现出色的模型，如果依赖陈旧的数据、无法承受行情突发时的排队，或者不能及时更新风险状态，那么它在回测中发现的信息优势，可能在执行之前就已经消失。 因此，Quant Developer 的工作可以被理解为，他们需要在有限的时间、算力和通信预算内，维护一个足够及时、足够一致、能够用于行动的市场内部模型。 编译器、分布式系统、硬件加速和形式化验证，开始汇聚到同一个问题上。 编译器决定计算如何被表达和执行； 分布式系统决定不同节点如何组织事件与状态； 硬件决定数据移动和运算的成本；形式化方法则帮助我们检查，某些关键约束是否会在复杂的执行路径中被破坏。 这些工作共同决定一个数学上的预测，试图成为现实中的有效决策。 而非平衡系统的视角，提供了一组进一步追问的方向：外部事件，内部状态，反馈是抑制还是放大扰动，输入速度和处理能力的关系对于系统的影响。 当然，市场是耗散系统本身并不会自动产生 Alpha。我想，我们只有把这种直觉落实为可观测的变量、明确的机制和能够被数据推翻的预测，它才开始具有研究价值。 它确实改变了我们看待这个职业的方式。 Quant Developer 所构建的一直是一个嵌入市场之中的实时决策系统。 这个系统观察市场，也通过自己的行动改变市场：它必须在变化尚未结束时做出判断，在信息尚不完整时承担后果。

Motortrend after driving the new Tesla Semi: "Driving the Semi was surprisingly familiar, shockingly easy, and dare I say, several tons of fun. Lane centering wasn’t a problem, thanks to fantastic visibility straight ahead and out of the tall side windows. Tesla claims Semi needs only a little more room to make a U-turn than a Model Y, and it certainly felt that way after I turned around on a two-lane road about the width of a residential street. It takes around five complete turns of the steering wheel to go lock-to-lock, and the feeling is light yet precise, thanks to the EPS."

On economic and trade matters, President Xi said that cooperation is a two-way street. So long as both sides act in the spirit of equality, mutual respect, and mutual benefit, a pathway to resolving differences can always be found. It is hoped that the two sides will move in the same direction, namely adhering to mutual benefit and win-win results and promoting the stable development and improvement of China-U.S. economic and trade ties.

我以前觉得，搞量化你能打的Jane Street，能打的过Jump吗？ A股你打的过梁文峰吗？ 后面我发现，有非常多的长尾市场，他们没发掘，由于市场容量的问题，他们不做。但是对于绝大部分人是可以做的。 也许Jane Street评估一个套利空间一年要有几个M甚至10M+的利润，但是对于我们来说，500K一年都是非常肥美了。 水浅者，大鱼不游. 古人已经告诉我们了。