Susan STEM (@feltanimalworld) “Levi兄是否认同，现在就如库恩所说之anomaly In Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scie” — TopicDigg

Levi兄是否认同，现在就如库恩所说之anomaly In Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, an anomaly is basically a “violation of expectation”—an observation or result that doesn’t behave the way the current paradigm says it should.  What matters (for Kuhn) is what happens next: •Normal science doesn’t treat one anomaly as instant refutation. It usually gets ignored, explained away, or turned into a “puzzle” to be solved inside the paradigm.  •An anomaly becomes historically important only when it persists, spreads, and undermines confidence in normal problem-solving—then the field enters crisis.  •In crisis, scientists start searching for new rules / a new paradigm—what Kuhn calls the prelude to scientific revolution.  Kuhn discusses this most directly in the chapter “Anomaly and the Emergence of Scientific Discoveries”  and then ties anomaly → crisis → new theory explicitly in “Crisis and the Emergence of Scientific Theories.”